Structure of the UN Essay Example For Students

Structure of the UN Essay The League of Nations was a world organization established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace. It was first proposed in 1918 by President Woodrow Wilson, although the United States never joined the League. The league was essentially powerless and it was officially dissolved in 1946. This former international organization was formed after World War I to promote international peace and security. The basis of the League, the Covenant, was written into the Treaty of Versailles and other peace treaties and provided for an assembly, a council, and a secretariat. A system of colonial mandates was also set up. The U.S., which failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, never became a member. Based in Geneva, the League proved useful in settling minor international disputes, but was unable to stop aggression by major powers. For example Japans occupation of Manchuria (1931), Italys conquest of Ethiopia (1935-36), and Germanys seizure of Austria (1938). It collapsed early in World War II and dissolved itself in 1946. The League established the first pattern of permanent international organization and served as a model for its successor, the United Nations. The UN an international organization composed of most of the countries of the world was founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and economic development. This international organization was established immediately after World War II to maintain international peace and security and to achieve cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems. It replaced the League of Nations. The name was coined by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 to describe the countries fighting against the Axis powers in World War II.It was first used officially on January 1, 1942 when 26 states joined in the Declaration by the United Nations, pledging to continue their joint war effort and to make peace. The UN Charter, the organizations governing treaty, was drawn up in 19 45 at a conference held in San Francisco. The principal organs, as specified in the Charter, are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat. The Secretariat, with the secretary general at its head, handles all administrative functions. Trygve Lie, the UNs first secretary general, was succeeded by Dag Hammarskjld, U Thant, Kurt Waldheim, Javier Prez de Cullar, and Boutros Boutros-Ghali. In 1945 there were 51 members; there are now 185. We will write a custom essay on Structure of the UN specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The UN has been very effective in keeping peace. Some early UN peacekeeping efforts included the establishment of armed forces to repel (1950) the North Korean attack on South Korea, the mobilization of troops and peacekeeping forces for the Congo, Cyprus, and the Middle East. The UN has prospered as a forum for debate intended to defuse international conflict, and it has worked to aid economic and technological development in developing nations.With the end of the cold war, the UN has become increasingly important to preserving and restoring international peace, most notably in Kuwait, with the authorization of the use of force against Iraq after its invasion, and Mozambique but less successfully in Cambodia, Bosnia, and Somalia. As the demand for peacekeeping forces has increased, however, the funds to pay for them have become harder to raise, and nations have not always been willing to contribute troops, particularly if the risks are high. The UN has been generally effective in keeping peace worldwide but it could be more effective. The UN would need to make changes in its constitution and in structure.A former problem with the UN was the abuse of the veto power by the former Soviet Republic. Another problem with the UN is countries look to better themselves rather than the worldwide community, and this causes countries to vote in blocks. There are three main blocks. The first is the communist block, the second is the western block, and the third is the third World or the Afro-Asian block. A third problem is member nations boycotting the UN. This is where a member nation pulls it ambassador from the general assembly in protest to a resolution. .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .postImageUrl , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:hover , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:visited , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:active { border:0!important; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:active , .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u45391b6e1e0bfe2240b27f83842924da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Film Production (1681 words) EssayThe problem of veto abuse is no longer a major issue for the UN because the have a veto over-ride when a proposal that

How Much Does It Cost to Hire a Ghostwriter, According To a Pro Ghost

How Much Does It Cost to Hire a Ghostwriter, According To a Pro Ghost How to Hire a Ghostwriter – By Andrew Crofts Andrew Crofts is a ghostwriter and author who has published more than eighty books, a dozen of which were Sunday Times number one bestsellers. He has also guided a number of international clients successfully through the minefield of independent publishing. In this post, he explains how to go about hiring a ghostwriter, the cost of ghostwriting, and the process of working with one.Why Hire a Ghostwriter?The job of a ghost is to write the book which you would write if you had the time or the ability. Writing books takes practice, like any other skill, it also requires more time than most people can afford. It is perfectly sensible to hire a professional to do the job for you, just as you would hire a barrister to plead for you in court or a speechwriter if you wanted to get into the White House. It will still be your story, whether it is an autobiography, a memoir, a family history, a how-to business book or even a novel, just written with professional help. Whatever you need, a ghost will do for you, but you must first be clear in your mind what it is you do need. Whatever you need, a ghostwriter will do for you, but you must first be clear what that  is. Traditional Publishing Deal or Self-Publishing?Do you want to follow the traditional route of trying to find a big name publisher and getting an advance to help defray the costs? Or do you want to maintain control of the whole project and self-publish, either with or without the help of an independent publisher?If it is the former then you initially need the ghostwriter to produce a proposal which can be taken to publishers, either by you, by the ghost or by an agent who the ghost may be able to lead you to. The ghost can then write the whole manuscript once the publisher has been found.If you want to maintain control then the ghostwriter will be writing the whole manuscript for you from the start, and should be able to help you find the experts you need to turn it into a finished book. (Although most of those services are also available on Reedsy).A proposal for a traditional publisher will probably be between 10,000 and 20,000 words, containing a short synopsis, an author profile, chapter breakdown, some sample chapters and any background information which will help the sale, (similar books on the market, captive markets etc).A complete book could be anything from 30,000 to 100,000 words or more. There are usually between 300 and 400 words to a page, so you can work out roughly what that will look like. "A #ghostwriting proposal for a publisher will probably be between 10k and 20k words." @andrewcrofts Choosing the Right GhostwriterOnce you have a clear idea what the book is to be about and what you want to do with it once it is written, you can then make contact with some ghostwriters. An email is probably the best first approach to assess if they are interested and if they are available. Then move to phone calls or Skype to see how the chemistry is between you.You are going to need to trust your ghostwriter completely because you will be telling them everything, just as you might tell your doctor, your therapist or your lawyer. If anything about them makes you doubt that you will be comfortable with them then move on to the next person. You may be able to make a decision at this stage, but if possible a face-to-face meeting is good. "You  need to trust your ghost completely because you'll be telling them everything." @andrewcrofts Do You Need a Contract?Once you are both happy with the chemistry, decide if you want to have a formal contract or just an exchange of emails laying out what each side expects of the other. Lawyers and agents will tell you that you should have contracts that cover every eventuality and if that will make you more comfortable then, by all means, have one drawn up or ask the ghost if they have a standard one. You might also want them to sign a non-disclosure agreement. Again, I stress, you really need to trust this person before you get too involved. If you feel you need to tie them down legally they may not be the person for you. It may be, however, that they will have had bad experiences with clients in the past and they may prefer to have something in black and white. You need to work this out between you.How Much Will a Ghostwriter Cost?How much a ghost will cost is a matter of supply and demand. If they have all the work they can handle and potential clients approaching them every day they will cost a lot. For that money, you will have the confidence that the writing will be of a certain standard and that the ghostwriter will know exactly what they are doing. If they are just starting out and desperately want to get some books on their cv then they will be more affordable, but there is always the risk that they will not write as well or as quickly. You need to have in mind what your budget is. Ask them what they would charge and don’t be afraid to negotiate. In some cases, you may have a book which is so obviously commercial the ghostwriter will be willing to work for a 50% share of the royalties. If you are going to go in for that sort of arrangement you will need a contract, and you should probably involve an agent, just because the money may not come in for several years, by which time everyone might have forgotten what was agreed. Even in those situations, you will probably need to pay for them to create the proposal at the start.It is very importa nt that neither of you goes into the relationship feeling resentful about the money. If the ghost is going to be spending three to six months working for you then you have to be prepared to pay the equivalent of a decent salary. If it is a proposal they can do in a month, the same applies.So how much does the average ghostwriter cost? Some ghostwriters will charge the equivalent of  £100 a day, some will charge  £1,000. Most will prefer to give you a quote for the whole job, but you can always agree to pay that in stages so that if the relationship isn’t working out - or you change your mind - you can walk away without paying any more. The most important thing is that you are both clear about what is expected and, again, that there is an atmosphere of mutual trust.Be aware that very few books make much money from sales - if any at all. No one can ever predict which books will become best sellers, so it is much like buying a lottery ticket. You are extremely unlikely to earn back the money that you are going to spend on a ghostwriter from sales alone. There must, therefore, be another good reason for writing the book other than the hope of making money.The Ghostwriting ProcessThe ghost will be happy to sit with you and record the whole story from start to finish. Any written material that you can give them in advance, however, will help to speed things along by guiding their questioning. Always meet somewhere where you will be completely comfortable. Your own home or workplace is the best, but a ghost will go wherever you ask as long as it is reasonably quiet. (I have spent a great many months of my life sitting in hotel suites and coffee shops).In an ideal world you will spend a few days recording, the ghostwriter will then go away and write the first draft, you will then meet up again and tell them if they are going wrong and put right anything that they have misunderstood or that you forgot to tell them at the first meetings, and they will then produce a final version.In reality it sometimes takes a few more journeys back and forth before the manuscript is perfect and if you would be more comfortable with them showing you a chapter or two at a time then, by all means, tell them at the beginning, (preferably in an email so you can both remember what you have agreed).You both need to find a way of working which makes you comfortable, but if you are going to be very hands-on and insist on lots of meetings and re-writes you may have to accept that the costs will go up. The ghost will be happy to sit with you and record the whole story from start to finish. Once the Book is WrittenOnce you have a manuscript that you are both happy with, most ghostwriters will be able to help you with either finding a traditional publisher, (although there are never any guarantees of success there), or with guiding you through the self-publishing process. By the time you have got to this stage you should have a professional relationship of absolute mutual trust - possibly even a friendship. Looking to hire a ghostwriter? You can check out Andrew Croft's profile on Reedsy here! Or find out more about ghostwriters here.  Want to know more about ghostwriting, or share an experience with a ghostwriter? Leave us your thoughts, and any questions for Andrew, in the comments below!

Characteristics and Examples of Stabilizing Selection

Characteristics and Examples of Stabilizing Selection Stabilizing selection in evolution is a type of natural selection that favors the average individuals in a population. It is one of five types of selection processes used in evolution: The others are directional selection (which decreases the genetic variation), diversifying or disruptive selection (which shifts genetic variation to adjust to environmental changes), sexual selection (which defines and adapts to notions of attractive features of the individuals), and artificial selection (which is the deliberate selection by humans, such as that of the processes of animal and plant domestication). Classic examples of traits that resulted from stabilizing selection include human birth weight, number of offspring, camouflage coat color, and cactus spine density. Stabilizing Selection Stabilizing selection is one of three main types of natural selection in evolution. The others are directional and diversifying selection.  Stabilizing selection is the most common of those processes.  The result of stabilizing is the over-representation in a specific trait. For example, the coats of a species of mice in a forest will all be the best color to act as camouflage in their environment.  Other examples include human birth weight, the number of eggs a bird lays, and the density of cactus spines. Stabilizing selection is the most common of these processes, and its responsible for many of the characteristics of plants, humans and other animals. Meaning and Causes of Stabilizing Selection The stabilizing process is one that results statistically in an over-represented norm. In other words, this happens when the selection process- in which certain members of a species survive to reproduce while others do not- winnows out all the behavioral or physical choices down to a single set. In technical terms, stabilizing selection discards the extreme phenotypes and instead favors the majority of the population that is well adapted to their local environment. Stabilizing selection is often shown on a graph as a modified bell curve where the central portion is narrower and taller than the normal bell shape. Polygenic traits tend to result in a distribution that resembles a bell-shaped curve, with few at the extremes and most in the middle. David Remahl/Wikimedia Commons Diversity in a population is decreased due to stabilizing selection- genotypes which are not selected are reduced and can disappear. However, this does not mean that all individuals are exactly the same. Often, mutation rates in DNA within a stabilized population are actually a bit higher statistically than those in other types of populations. This and other kinds of microevolution keep the stabilized population from becoming too homogeneous and allow the population the ability to adapt to future environmental changes. Stabilizing selection works mostly on traits that are polygenic. This means that more than one gene controls the phenotype and so there is a wide range of possible outcomes. Over time, some of the genes that control the characteristic can be turned off or masked by other genes, depending on where the favorable adaptations are coded. Since stabilizing selection favors the middle of the road, a blend of the genes is often what is seen. Examples of Stabilizing Selection There are several classic examples in animals and humans of the results of stabilizing selection process: Human birth weight, especially in underdeveloped countries and in the past of the developed world, is a polygenetic selection which is controlled by environmental factors. Infants with low birth weight will be weak and experience health problems, while large babies will have problems passing through the birth canal. Babies with average birth weight are more likely to survive than a baby that is too small or too large. The intensity of that selection has decreased as medicine has improved- in other words, the definition of average has changed. More babies survive even if they might have been too small in the past (a situation resolved by a few weeks in an incubator) or too large (resolved by Caesarian section).Coat coloration in several animals is tied to their ability to hide from predator attacks. Small animals with coats that match their environments more closely are more likely to survive than those with darker or lighter coats: stabilizing selection results in an average colorati on thats not too dark or too light. Cactus spine density: Cacti have two sets of predators: peccaries which like to eat cactus fruits with fewer spines and parasitic insects which like cacti that have very dense spines to keep their own predators away. Successful, long-lived cacti have an average number of spines to help ward off both.The number of offspring: Many animals produce multiple offspring at once (known as r-selected species). Stabilizing selection results in an average number of offspring, which is an average between too many (when there is a danger of malnourishment) and too few (when the chance of no survivors is highest). Sources Cattelan, Silvia, Andrea Di Nisio, and Andrea Pilastro. Stabilizing Selection on Sperm Number Revealed by Artificial Selection and Experimental Evolution. Evolution 72.3 (2018): 698-706. Print.Hansen, Thomas F. Stabilizing Selection and the Comparative Analysis of Adaptation. Evolution 51.5 (1997): 1341-51. Print.Sanjak, Jaleal S., et al. Evidence of Directional and Stabilizing Selection in Contemporary Humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115.1 (2018): 151-56. Print.

Business in Bangladesh Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business in Bangladesh - Research Paper Example Businessmen may also be faced with the problem of looking for employees who are skilled enough to do the work needed. These are just examples of what businessmen should take into consideration before even attempting to tap into a developing country. I have chosen Bangladesh as the subject developing country for this research paper. As a developing country, it may seem, on its face, that Bangladesh is not usually considered as a profitable country to do business in. However, if we were to omit the financial condition of the Bangladeshis and focus instead on the resources of the country, the situation would be different. Bangladesh is home to an abundant source of agricultural products, particularly coal and gas, as well as other raw materials such as â€Å"lime stone, silicone sand and hard rock,† all of which are used in a variety of industries. At the moment, the country is focused on the garments and textile industry, particularly in the export of cotton materials. Other ind ustries that Bangladesh is involved in include the â€Å"tea processing, paper newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizers, sugar and light engineering† (Bangladesh.com). ... The country is, at the moment, already heavily competing with other garments producers such as China, because aside from the cheap labor available, the production of garments do not require the worker to be literate, let alone with an academic degree (Bajaj). Findings In the previous paragraph, pointed out that Bangladesh is already engaged in quite a number of business industries and the country is also rich in natural and agricultural resources. What with all their resource wealth, the country would have been a developed country by now. However, this is obviously not the case because the Bangladeshis fail to utilize what they have properly. Because of the lack of technology and communication systems available, utilization of resources is indeed a challenge. This fact also triggers in an investment drought, where businessmen are afraid to invest in such a country, because they may end up spending more than what they get in return. Before embarking on a business project, businessmen have to first determine the â€Å"core competencies and strengths† of the area where they plan to do business in. To do this, there is a need for companies to seek help from government agencies and other organizations or groups in their target area so they can learn more about the people who live in the same (Engel). Indeed, a smart business move would be to first conduct a thorough study of the business location, the people who are expected to work in the company and the target consumers. In the following sections, I shall point out the factors that contribute to the business environment of a place, and how these factors affect the success of a business. Culture

Midterm assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Midterm assignment - Essay Example It was published in 2011 indicating that the factors which were present during that time, influenced Fetterolf to write on issues that affected women. In fact, the title reveals that, during that time, there existed gender disparity and women were treated unequal members of the society. This situation influenced Fetterolf to reveal woman as the subject in his article (Fetterolf, 2011). In his article, Fetterolf claim to carry out a study that examines the future gender equality expectations of young women in their marriages and careers, upon getting higher education. In my suggestion, I believe that gender equality will never be achieved, despite women’s level of education, because of the conflicting responsibilities in marriages and career opportunities. Argument: This deduction from the article is a fallacy based on fact that the information is generalized based on the general appeal that people in well paying careers work must work for longer hours to match their payment. Fallacy: Greater education of participants,’ possible selves would lead them to evaluate themselves more favorably, anticipate greater emotional well-being, and perceive goals concerning finances, respect and power, and career as more

Specialty Cheese Company :: essays research papers

Specialty Cheese Company   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Specialty Cheese Company is a dynamic, small company that has thought about its future. The company has been around since 1839. It has survived when there were over 4000 cheese companies, The Great Depression and over 150 years of leadership. With less than 150 cheese companies in the United States, the Specialty Cheese Company has three United States Department of Agriculture approved functioning companies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Starting out with over approximately 60 people, the Specialty Cheese has increased its cheese making capabilities and has doubled in employee size within the last five years. The Company is made of skilled and certified cheese makers. Since the company is stationed in Wisconsin, it has at least one major advantage over some of its competition that are in other states. The company receives its milk daily from over 60 local dairy farmers verses importing it from across the state or elsewhere. The money that is saved from shipping costs on milk seems to be reinvested back into the company. They have established a great reputation by winning awards for their products. They take pride in producing new varieties of cheese, producing ethnic traditions from around the world, and improving the quality of their existing cheeses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though only one percent of their sales come from the Internet, Specialty Cheese is not going to miss out on any opportunity to sale its cheese. They have a professional Webmaster handling their website. The website is a marketing tool of today and the future. It provides free recipes, information on the company, the ability to place online orders, foodservice distributors, retail stores, frequently asked question and much more. Having a professional Webmaster on staff helps market their cheese to customers that the company might miss. The dynamics of the web pages are easy to navigate, clear, concise, and appealing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paul Scharrman who owns the Specialty Cheese Company monitors, the market place and conducts competitive intelligence. He builds profiles consisting of facts and intuition over long periods of time. These profiles of the competition are gathered at trade shows, talking to customers, and visiting popular outlets. After studying the profiles, the Specialty Cheese can decide on what type of strategy it will take to stay ahead of the competition. Scharman must reevaluate his company often because of the unpredictability of the market place and trends. Specialty Cheese Company :: essays research papers Specialty Cheese Company   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Specialty Cheese Company is a dynamic, small company that has thought about its future. The company has been around since 1839. It has survived when there were over 4000 cheese companies, The Great Depression and over 150 years of leadership. With less than 150 cheese companies in the United States, the Specialty Cheese Company has three United States Department of Agriculture approved functioning companies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Starting out with over approximately 60 people, the Specialty Cheese has increased its cheese making capabilities and has doubled in employee size within the last five years. The Company is made of skilled and certified cheese makers. Since the company is stationed in Wisconsin, it has at least one major advantage over some of its competition that are in other states. The company receives its milk daily from over 60 local dairy farmers verses importing it from across the state or elsewhere. The money that is saved from shipping costs on milk seems to be reinvested back into the company. They have established a great reputation by winning awards for their products. They take pride in producing new varieties of cheese, producing ethnic traditions from around the world, and improving the quality of their existing cheeses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Even though only one percent of their sales come from the Internet, Specialty Cheese is not going to miss out on any opportunity to sale its cheese. They have a professional Webmaster handling their website. The website is a marketing tool of today and the future. It provides free recipes, information on the company, the ability to place online orders, foodservice distributors, retail stores, frequently asked question and much more. Having a professional Webmaster on staff helps market their cheese to customers that the company might miss. The dynamics of the web pages are easy to navigate, clear, concise, and appealing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paul Scharrman who owns the Specialty Cheese Company monitors, the market place and conducts competitive intelligence. He builds profiles consisting of facts and intuition over long periods of time. These profiles of the competition are gathered at trade shows, talking to customers, and visiting popular outlets. After studying the profiles, the Specialty Cheese can decide on what type of strategy it will take to stay ahead of the competition. Scharman must reevaluate his company often because of the unpredictability of the market place and trends.

A Positive Approach to the Future

A Positive Approach Towards the Future The issue of mandatory school uniforms has taken on several debates over the past decade; it is believed that this issue will plague public schools for decades to come. Students who wear uniforms feel a sense of being superior with their fellow classmates. This feeling of being part of a group boosts morale and individual confidence, thus leading to higher grades. Children will be more focused in a uniform classroom. There is no more distraction as to what the other kids are wearing or who has the name brand shoes. Girls will be dressed appropriately and clothing will fit properly. This adds to the learning experience. There is no more competition. There is no more rivalry and the children are able to focus on their schoolwork and not on the latest trends ( Bodine 67-69). Former President Clinton made a state of the union address in 1996; in that address, the subject of mandatory school uniforms was mentioned. â€Å"If it means that teenagers will stop killing each other over designer jackets, then our public schools should be able to require their students to wear uniforms† (Williams). In fact, that year in Long Beach, California, the first district to implement mandatory uniform policies, assault dropped by sixty-seven percent, vandalism by eighty-two percent, and robbery by thirty-five percent. Overall crime was reduced by seventy-three percent the first year the policy was in place (Williams). This was a direct reflection of the uniform policy. Students were more disciplined and behaved in a more mature manner. These students took pride in themselves and others. With the lack of material items to fight over, students no longer felt the need to use aggression towards others, proving that school uniforms do in fact improve student behavior. Also when it comes to crime, a student wearing a school logo, is less apt to commit a crime outside of school while in uniform because it would be easier to track him based off of the school information on the uniform? This lowers the crime rate for the general public as well as the in school instances. Not only do mandatory uniform policies for public schools offer the potential for higher educational benefits and improved student discipline, school uniforms dissolve social boundaries between classmates. Students are no longer judged based off their appearance but by who they are on the inside. There is no more competition between social classes that these students may have otherwise felt and they work together as a team and share a common pride. All students will feel a sense of belonging. No longer will lower income children be labeled as poor based off of their clothing. All children will appear as equals in the classroom and will be treated as such. However, some may argue that uniformity takes away from the student's individuality. Many children, especially teens, express themselves through their personal styles and the way they dress. Sometimes children need to feel special or unique and dressing a certain way is how they accomplish this. Uniformity takes away from the First Amendment by taking away freedom of expression. If we take away the freedom of expression, we are taking away our children's creativity and conforming them into a society where free thinking is not accepted. However this is not the case. The uniform does not change who the child is on the inside or how he thinks creatively. Students will still be able to focus creative energy through activities such as art, music, writing or sports. There are several creative outlets besides the choice of clothing options. When it comes to our economy, we as Americans must pinch our pennies where we can. Many parents are faced with the dilemma of outfitting their children in the latest trends or putting money towards more important things like saving for their children's college education. Some families are unable to afford the popular named brand clothing that their children desires, which make the children, feel inadequate in school when they are forced to wear lesser brand clothes or second hand outfits. School uniforms would take away that hassle of finding bargains to ensure that their children feel confident in their attire. Uniforms are generally more durable than the average street clothes. Granted, the cost may be a bit more substantial in the beginning, but the uniforms will last longer which means there is less out of pocket expense for replacement articles. With uniforms, the parents may only have to purchase two or three sets compared to several pairs of bottoms and tops. Uniforms are more durable and can be washed more frequently compared to regular clothes. This makes them the better option not only for lower income families, but all families in general (Romero C4+). Critics claim that uniforms will cost the families more money in the long run because parents will be forced to buy the uniforms and regular clothing for their children to wear when they are not in school. The cost for parents may double that of just buying traditional school clothes. Although this is partly true, that yes, parents will be faced to make additional purchases for their children, in reality, they really won't be spending that much more money if any. Since uniforms are more durable, the parents only need to buy a limited supply and since the children will only be wearing their regular clothes outside of school, parents will not have to buy as many outfits. Most children wear out their clothes while in school. Since this is not an issue with the uniforms, the traditional street clothes will last longer, hence saving the parents money in the long run. Also without the constant competition in schools, children may not feel the need to have the latest brands and styles as they would if they were wearing the clothes to school on a daily basis around other social classes (King 3-5). With all of the advantages and disadvantages of implementing mandatory uniform wear into our public schools, there needs to be a compromise. Some schools have decided that it is best to make minor changes to the dress code policy. When it comes to school uniforms, there is a never-ending debate as to what the right approach and the wrong approach may be for our public schools. Works Cited Bodine,A.. aâ‚ ¬? School uniforms, academic achievement, and uses of researchaâ‚ ¬?. The Journal ofEducational Research 19 Feb. 2008: 67-73. Print. King, K. A. Should school uniforms be mandated in elementary school?. 2010: 3+. Print. Romero, E. aâ‚ ¬? School uniform countdownaâ‚ ¬?. Daily News Record, 16 Aug. 1999, C2+. Print. Williams, D. aâ‚ ¬? School uniforms: The raging debateaâ‚ ¬?. n. d. Web. 5 Aug. 2011.